Numbering System
Decimal Number System
Decimal number framework is a base 10 number framework having 10 digits from 0 to 9. This implies that any mathematical amount can be spoken to utilizing these 10 digits. Decimal number framework is likewise a positional worth framework. This implies that the estimation of digits will rely upon its position. Allow us to take a guide to get this.
In computerized frameworks, directions are given through electric signs; variety is finished by differing the voltage of the sign. Having 10 unique voltages to execute decimal number framework in computerized gear is troublesome. In this way, many number frameworks that are simpler to execute carefully have been created. We should see them in detail.
Binary Number System
The least demanding approach to change guidelines through electric signs is two-state framework – here and there. On is spoken to as 1 and off as 0, however 0 isn't in reality no sign except for signal at a lower voltage. The number framework having quite recently these two digits – 0 and 1 – is called double number framework.
Every twofold digit is additionally called a piece. Paired number framework is additionally positional worth framework, where every digit has a worth communicated in forces of 2, as shown here.
Furthermore, decimal likeness this number is amount of result of every digit with its positional worth.
110102 = 1×24 + 1×23 + 0×22 + 1×21 + 0×20
= 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 0
= 2610
Computer memory is estimated regarding the number of pieces it can store. Here is an outline for memory limit transformation.
1 byte (B) = 8bits
1 Kilobytes (KB) = 1024 bytes
1 Megabyte (MB) = 1024 KB
1 Gigabyte (GB) = 1024 MB
1 Terabyte (TB) = 1024 GB
1 Exabyte (EB) = 1024 PB
1 Zettabyte = 1024 EB
1 Yottabyte (YB) = 1024 ZB
Octal Number System
Octal number framework has eight digits – 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Octal number framework is likewise a positional worth framework with where every digit has its worth communicated in forces of 8, as appeared here −
Number System Relationship
The following table depicts the relationship between decimal, binary, octal and hexadecimal Number System
| HEXADECIMAL | DECIMAL | OCTAL | BINARY |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0000 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0001 |
| 2 | 2 | 2 | 0010 |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 0011 |
| 4 | 4 | 4 | 0100 |
| 5 | 5 | 5 | 0101 |
| 6 | 6 | 6 | 0110 |
| 7 | 7 | 7 | 0111 |
| 8 | 8 | 10 | 1000 |
| 9 | 9 | 11 | 1001 |
| A | 10 | 12 | 1010 |
| B | 11 | 13 | 1011 |
| C | 12 | 14 | 1100 |
| D | 13 | 15 | 1101 |
| E | 14 | 16 | 1110 |
| F | 15 | 17 | 1111 |
Hexadecimal Number System
Octal number framework has 16 images – 0 to 9 and A to F where An is equivalent to 10, B is equivalent to 11, etc till F. Hexadecimal number framework is likewise a positional worth framework with where every digit has its worth communicated in forces of 16, as appeared here −
ASCII
Other than mathematical information, computer should have the option to deal with letter sets, accentuation marks, numerical administrators, exceptional images, and so forth that structure the total character set of English language. The total arrangement of characters or images are called alphanumeric codes. The total alphanumeric code regularly incorporates −
26 capitalized letters
26 lower case letters
10 digits
7 accentuation marks
20 to 40 extraordinary characters
Presently a computer sees just numeric qualities, whatever the number framework utilized. So all characters should have a numeric comparable called the alphanumeric code. The most generally utilized alphanumeric code is American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). ASCII is a 7-piece code that has 128 (27) potential codes.
ISCII
ISCII represents Indian Script Code for Information Interchange. IISCII was created to help Indian dialects on computer. Language upheld by IISCI incorporate Devanagari, Tamil, Bangla, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Tamil, Telugu, and so forth IISCI is generally utilized by government divisions and before it could get on, another all inclusive encoding standard called Unicode was presented.
Unicode
Unicode is a worldwide coding framework intended to be utilized with various language contents. Each character or image is appointed a one of a kind numeric worth, to a great extent inside the structure of ASCII. Prior, each content had its own encoding framework, which could strife with one another.
Conversely, this is the thing that Unicode authoritatively plans to do − Unicode gives an extraordinary number to each character, regardless of what the stage, regardless of what the program, regardless of what the language.
