Primary memory & Secondary memory

What is a Primary memory & Secondary memory?

Answer: Primary Memory: To store something temporarily in to store computer is called Primary memory. Primary memory is known as main memory. Thus memory directly acceptable to the CPU, The memory of primary memory is temporally in nature it is known as volatile memory or primary memory. Ex: RAM,ROM, Cache Memory.  

Secondary memory: Secondary memory also called accessory memory in. Secondary memory (or secondary storage) is the slowest and cheapest form of memory. It cannot be processed directly by the CPU. It must first be copied into primary storage (also known as RAM).It is permanently store data for future use. It is known as non- volatile memory. Ex: HDD, Pen Drive, CD, DVD, Floppy Disk.

Write Short note on -Cryosurgery, Robotics, Telemedicine, Bioinformatics, E-commerce.

Cryosurgery: Cryosurgery (also called cryotherapy) is the use of extreme cold produced by liquid nitrogen (or argon gas) to destroy abnormal tissue. Cryosurgery is used to treat external tumors, such as those on the skin. For external tumors, liquid nitrogen is applied directly to the cancer cells with a cotton swab or spraying device.

The surgery most often involves the use of liquid nitrogen, although carbon dioxide and argon may also be used. When liquid nitrogen has a temperature between -346 and -320°F, it instantly freezes nearly anything that’s in contact with it. In the case of human tissue, it can kill and destroy cells upon contact. This is important when the cells you want to kill are cancerous.

Robotics: Robotics is a branch of engineering that involves the conception, design, manufacture, and operation of robots. This field overlaps with electronics, computer science, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, nanotechnology and bioengineering.

Robotics, Design, construction, and use of machines (robots) to perform tasks done traditionally by human beings. Robots are widely used in such industries as automobile manufacture to perform simple repetitive tasks, and in industries where work must be performed in environments hazardous to humans. Many aspects of robotics involve artificial intelligence; robots may be equipped with the equivalent of human senses such as vision, touch, and the ability to sense temperature. Some are even capable of simple decision making, and current robotics research is geared toward devising robots with a degree of self-sufficiency that will permit mobility and decision-making in an unstructured environment. Today’s industrial robots do not resemble human beings; a robot in human form is called an android.

Telemedicine: Telemedicine is the remote diagnosis and treatment of patients by means of telecommunications technology Acquiring medical data (like medical images) and then transmitting this data to a doctor at a convenient time.

The American Telemedicine Association defines Telemedicine as: “Telemedicine is the use of medical information exchanged from one site to another via electronic communications to improve patients' health status.

Videoconferencing, transmission of still images, e-health including patient portals, remote monitoring of vital signs, continuing medical education and nursing call centres are all considered part of telemedicine and telehealth.”

Bioinformatics:  Bioinformatics is the field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline. The ultimate goal of the field is to enable the discovery of new biological insights and to create a global perspective from which unifying principles in biology can be discerned. (NCBI)

The creation and advancement of databases, algorithms, computational and statistical techniques, and theory to solve formal and practical problems arising from the management, analysis and interpretation of biological data. (Wikipedia.org )